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Sprinkler filter for ponds as effective biological filtration
The CrawTec Bakki 900 trickle filter is designed for biological water filtration in ornamental and koi ponds where high purification efficiency is required. Unlike submerged biofilters, the trickle filter operates on the principle of cascading water flow through the biological media. The water is distributed via the upper manifold and passes through several layers of media, becoming actively oxygenated and creating ideal conditions for the growth of nitrifying bacteria.
This type of biological filtration is particularly in demand in fish ponds, where standard submerged biofilters cannot cope with the load. When using traditional chambers with media, the biomaterial is constantly submerged in water, oxygen levels are limited, and the efficiency of biological filtration is reduced. A spray-irrigated pond filter ensures contact between water and air at every level, which significantly increases the efficiency of biological treatment.
The Shower biofilter is used as a separate stage of biological filtration or installed after a drum filter. This configuration is considered one of the most effective for koi ponds, ornamental ponds and systems with a high biological load. The water undergoes mechanical treatment, after which it enters the spray filter, where intensive biological filtration takes place.
Why is a spray filter more effective than a submerged biofilter?
In submerged biofilters, the media is constantly submerged. This restricts oxygen access and slows down biological processes. Under high load, such filters require increased volume and additional aeration. Even in this case, their efficiency remains lower than that of a cascading trickle filter system.
A sprinkler filter for a pond operates on a different principle. Water is distributed from above and flows freely through the biological media. Oxygenation occurs at every level, and the bacteria are provided with optimal conditions for activity. As a result, the rate of ammonia breakdown increases and water parameters are stabilised.
This system is particularly effective for keeping koi, carp and other fish. With intensive feeding, the amount of dissolved organic matter increases, and a standard biofilter can no longer cope. A trickle filter allows the biological capacity of the system to be significantly increased without increasing the volume of the filter chamber.
Design of the CrawTec Bakki 900 irrigated filter
The filter features a vertical cascade design with multiple media layers. A distribution manifold is located at the top, which evenly distributes the water flow across the entire filter area. The water then passes sequentially through the media layers and returns to the system.
The housing is made of food-grade polypropylene, 8 mm thick. This design ensures the filter’s rigidity, resistance to external stresses and long service life. Polypropylene is corrosion-resistant and suitable for constant contact with water, which is particularly important for biological filtration.
The compact vertical layout allows the irrigated filter to be installed next to a pond or filtration chamber. This ensures a large biological media surface area despite the relatively small dimensions of the equipment.
- cascading multi-level design
- upper water distribution manifold
- uniform irrigation of the biological media
- unrestricted air access to the media
- compact vertical layout
Irrigated filter without media — configuration flexibility
The irrigated filter is supplied without biological media, allowing the user to choose the type of media themselves. Depending on the requirements, ceramic media, plastic bio-media, lava rock or other materials can be used. This approach allows the filter to be adapted to a specific pond filtration system.
The effectiveness of biological filtration depends on the chosen media, the water supply system and the overall configuration of the system. The irrigated pond filter functions as a universal platform for biological treatment, suitable for use in both compact ornamental ponds and larger koi ponds.
The absence of fixed media also simplifies maintenance and upgrading. If necessary, the media can be replaced or the configuration changed without replacing the filter housing.
Use of the trickle filter in pond filtration systems
The CrawTec Bakki 900 shower filter is used as a biological filtration stage following mechanical cleaning. The most effective setup is considered to be one where the water first passes through a drum filter to remove mechanical impurities, and then enters the shower filter for biological treatment. Such a system ensures stable water clarity and high biological capacity.
The Shower biofilter can also be used as a standalone biological filter for a pond. Thanks to intensive water aeration, it increases oxygen levels and improves the overall condition of the water body. This is particularly important for koi ponds and ornamental ponds with fish.
The spray filter is effectively used in the following systems:
- koi ponds with a high biological load
- ornamental ponds with fish
- systems downstream of a drum filter
- biological filtration of recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS)
- upgrading existing filtration systems
Using a trickle filter allows the biological capacity of the system to be increased without a significant increase in the volume of equipment. As a result, water parameters are stabilised, the load on the filtration system is reduced, and the overall condition of the pond is improved.